une traduction d'un de mes articles

 The policies of the IMF and World Bank are implemented across the world since 1978 or twenty years from now.  A generation on five continents knows no economic policy other than structural adjustment. In 1998 3 / 4 of the planet is in recession, raising tens of millions the number of those who were already poor.

 The adjustment was designed as an alternative policy based on belief in dogma, "the law of markets" and not as we often hear that the market and proposed to regain the conditions for growth. 

 To do this, two phases were generally imposed on States placed by the unequal rules of international trade, insolvent; one hand stabilizing the macro economy by reducing government deficits and a drastic reduction in consumption and secondly, the restructuring of the economy through deregulation, the disengagement of the state and trade openness.

 Structural adjustment was justified by the non-compliance by countries of laws that experts in economics, finance, management and have striven to present as intangible. 

 The universal rules of market economy has meant to advocate the same tools of intervention devaluation, reduced public spending including social, removal of subsidies on food, reduced consumption especially by reducing real wages , removal of price controls.

 So that structural adjustment programs do not differ from one country to another by the name of the country concerned ". 

 The IMF is thus both a physician who in the name of a science applied treatment but also a policeman who punishes violations of a law on which it ended up breaking his nose. 

The purpose of the adjustments was to bring the economies and states to merge into the universal model of market economy to give people greater opportunities to improve their living conditions. 

 Paradise yes but only if a permanent shift in hell!

 It is not my intention here to discuss the content of reforms and stabilization of our economies.  What is at issue now is the purpose of these reforms. 

 It is as if the economy and finance should supplant the fate of peoples rather than be the instrument to serve the public interest. This would be acceptable if the rules of these two sciences were truly objective and based s 'applied to everyone. 

The experience of SAP in the world is long enough that their effects are not surprised that those who were not consulted I mean people. 

 What is more, however, is the reversal of policies addressing the crisis that hit Asia recently with Russia and threatening Latin America. Such a change should lead to questioning the Relevance means other than those recommended or if the adjustment could not be done with less "challenging".

 1 The effects of SAPs on the economy and society are not a surprise. 

The stabilization and the adjustment has three types of externalities have long been known

i) -   i) - It has long been known through the United Nations reports that SAPs had negative effects on the living conditions of populations and their implementation left the country in a situation quite as fragile as they knew before. Thus from the middle of the decade 80 UNICEF has called for "adjustment with a human face."

ii) Just as everyone knew already in the late 80s that the primary objective of SAPs was to service the debt in developing countries put in a state of insolvency as a result of degradation of their export earnings of raw materials.

 For all developing countries from 1984 to 1989 the net transfer amounted to 168 billion dollars.

 In Algeria from 1979 to 1984 for a total outstanding of $ 20 billion of the total service of the debt was 23 billion dollars.

From 1984 to 1992 this amounted to 50 billion dollars. Or for an outstanding 26 billion in 1992 to $ 73 billion has been repaid. Precisely three times our debt. 

Our export earnings in the same period rose from 14.1 billion to $ 81 in less than 8 in 92. They were down 3 and a half times.

The result of such an international system is that it is better to lend to developing countries rather than investing in them because no commercial or industrial enterprise is able to generate a profit rate as miraculous and what is more secured by SAP.

 But NOT designed to restore the ability to repay debts and reassure creditors leave unanswered two issues: the reduction or cancellation of debt, improved terms of trade and regular adjustments of their inconsistency. 

Under these conditions no prospect of sustainable development is inconceivable.

 The result of such an international system that favors the breakdown of savings in favor of opening the domestic market. 

 It is best then to lend to developing countries for liberalizing reforms rather than investing in their homes to save their production structure for any commercial or industrial enterprise is able to generate a profit rate as miraculous and what is more guaranteed by the SSP.

 The dogma of liberalism applied to our country has led UNDP to note that in over 70 countries per capita income is lower than it was 20 years ago.

iii) The SAPs have created three large categories of victims: the poor and middle classes, the savings breakdown by states and finally by disengagement and decay of the minimum social policy that ensured more or less.

In 1998 3 / 4 of the planet is in recession, raising tens of millions the number of those who were already poor.

. The surprise can be perfected only by those who were not directly consulted thus NOT a case of insider trading. But what we did not and that the Asian and Russian crises have revealed is that these Economic laws do not apply more liberal when it comes to saving the economy from international financial speculation.

2- . 2 -.   Market forces were enforceable only in developing countries for one purpose: to dismantle their internal economic structure.

This contradiction is illustrated by the following 4 findings.

i) The sacrifices demanded in the name of so-called scientific laws are justified if the recent financial events in Asia and Russia had come to demolish the foundations and relevance of these laws. The panic has seized the guards' liberal order which can no longer explain why the same causes do not produce the same effects on the markets. Comme le notait un économiste anglais avec humour «  nous sommes tous dans le même bateau mais personne ne tient le gouvernail » . As noted by an English economist with humor "we're all in the same boat but nobody takes the helm."It is likely that there is even a rudder.

ii) The panic is so international that we did not hesitate to recommend the use of two means that condemned the moral and liberal science: The grant and the use of state to save the system breakup .

To reassure financial markets and does not admit any mechanism can guide and discipline a daily flow of 1,500 billion $ of capital for hedge funds is the $ 50 billion in southeast Asia, for $ 30 billion of Brazil , from $ 15 billion for Russia. Africa so far has been able to raise the $ 9 billion annually to the UNPAAERD considered sufficient to increase GDP significantly, and reduce erosion of income per capita .

iii)  The market expected to respond according to scientific laws and immutable, do seem to respond to any rule. Two cuts U.S. interest rates at monthly intervals gave rise to diametrically opposed movements in the stock market one of the other concerns of euphoria.

The financial markets looking for the securities of companies announcing job cuts today she fled. The layoffs are no longer a criterion for good management.  Boeing announced a redundancy plan of 48,000 people and its shares drop on Wall Street immediately

The same speculative capital have eagerly welcomed the virtual nationalization of banks in Japan in October by state intervention.